์ด ์„ธ์…˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์„ค์ •์ด ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋‹˜์˜ ๊ณ„์ • ์„ค์ •์„ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด ๊ณ„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ น ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ด ๊ณ„์ •์—์„œ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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์นด์นด์˜ค์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ

์นด์นด์˜ค๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ƒ๋ก์ˆ˜์ธ ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋งˆ ์นด์นด์˜ค(Theobroma cacao)์˜ ์”จ์•—์œผ๋กœ, ์ฝ”์ฝ”์•„, ์ฝ”์ฝ”์•„ ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์›๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์›์‚ฐ์ง€์ธ ์นด์นด์˜ค๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ผ์กฑ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด๋กœ ํ™•์‚ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นด์นด์˜ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์€ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋งŒ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ๋ณ€๋‘๋ฆฌ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘” ์˜ฌ๋ฉ•(Olmec) ๋ฌธ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฆˆํ…์ธ๋“ค์€ ์นด์นด์˜ค์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋งˆ์•ผ ์‹ ์•™์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ œ๋ก€์™€ ์˜์‹์—์„œ ์นด์นด์˜ค ์ฝฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ๋†’์€ ์ง€์œ„์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ ์ œ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”์ณ์ง€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งŒ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์นด์นด์˜ค๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1500๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋“ค์–ด ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ํƒํ—˜๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋ฉ”์†Œ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ์ „์—ญ์—์„œ ์นด์นด์˜ค์™€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นด์นด์˜ค๋Š” 1544๋…„ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ๊ถ์ •์— ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์„œ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ „์—ญ์— ์Œ๋ฃŒ์™€ ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นด์นด์˜ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋Œ€๋†์žฅ์ด ์กฐ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•  ์นด์นด์˜ค ์ฝฉ์ด ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์นด์นด์˜ค๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ํ•จ์œ ํ•œ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์Œ๋ฃŒ์ธ ์ฐจ, ์ปคํ”ผ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์œ ํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ์ •ํฌ ํ‘ธ๋“œ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นด์นด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์ด๋กœ์šด ํšจ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ, ์ฝ”์ฝ”์•„, ์นด์นด์˜ค์˜ ํšจ๋Šฅ์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์นด์นด์˜ค๊ฐ€ ์Šˆํผํ‘ธ๋“œ์ธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”?

์นด์นด์˜ค ์ฝฉ์€ ํƒ„์ˆ˜ํ™”๋ฌผ, ์ง€๋ฐฉ, ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ, ์„ฌ์œ ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šˆํผํ‘ธ๋“œ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์นด์นด์˜ค์—๋Š” ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€(Polyphenol), ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด(Methylxanthine)์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ํ•จ์œ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์นด์นด์˜ค

ํ•จ์œ ๋œ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์˜ ํšจ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•ํ™ฉ๋…น์ฐจ์†Œ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๊ป์งˆ ์ถ”์ถœ๋ฌผํฌ๋„์”จ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ •์‹ ์  ๋ฐ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

์นด์นด์˜ค๋„ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์€ ์‹๋ฌผ์˜ ์ง™์€ ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์ƒ‰์†Œ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ•ญ์‚ฐํ™”์ œ์ด์ž ํ•ญ์—ผ์ฆ์ œ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์— ํ•จ์œ ๋œ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜ˆ์•ก ์‘๊ณ  ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ  ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋ฉฐ ์ข‹์€ ๊ณ ๋ฐ€๋„์ง€๋‹จ๋ฐฑ(HDL) ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜์œ ์ €๋ฐ€๋„์ง€๋‹จ๋ฐฑ(LDL)์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†์ƒ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฐํ™”๋œ ์ €๋ฐ€๋„์ง€๋‹จ๋ฐฑ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค์€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นด์นด์˜ค์˜ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์€ ์ €๋ฐ€๋„์ง€๋‹จ๋ฐฑ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋กค์˜ ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์นด์นด์˜ค์˜ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์€ ๋‡Œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นด์นด์˜ค ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นด์นด์˜ค์— ํ•จ์œ ๋œ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์€ ํ•™์Šต๋ ฅ, ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ, ์ธ์ง€๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ญ์‚ฐํ™” ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์— ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์€ ํ˜ˆ๋‡Œ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ์™ธ์—๋„ ์นด์นด์˜ค์˜ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‡Œ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅ์ธ์ž์ธ ๋‡Œ์œ ๋ž˜์‹ ๊ฒฝ์˜์–‘์ธ์ž(BDNF)๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋Š” ์ด ์ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์— ํ•จ์œ ๋œ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด ์นด์นด์˜ค๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ๋…ธํ™” ๋ณด์ถฉ์ œ๋กœ ํ™๋ณด๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์„ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์นด์นด์˜ค

์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ, ์ฐจ๊ตฌ์•„๋ผ๋‚˜(Guarana)์ปคํ”ผ ๋“ฑ์— ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์— ํ•จ์œ ๋œ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํ…Œ์˜ค๋ธŒ๋กœ๋ฏผ(Theobromine)์ด๋ฉฐ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ์ƒ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๋„ ํ•จ์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์€ ์ค‘์ถ”์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹ (Adenosine) ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด์— ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹  ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ATP(์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹ ์‚ผ์ธ์‚ฐ, Adenosine triphosphate)๋Š” ์„ธํฌ์— ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋ชจ๋˜๋ฉด ์ฒด๋‚ด์— ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹ ์ด ๋‚จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹  ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง€๋ฉด ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋†’์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ์‹  ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•ด ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ๊ณผ ํ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์ด ํ์— ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์ด ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒœ์‹์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ด์œ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค€, ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด ๋•ํƒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•ด๋‚ธ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธํฌ์‚ฐํ‹ด๊ณผ ์ƒ์ฝ”์ฝ”์•„์˜ ํšจ๋Šฅ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ๋ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ฆ์ง„ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์นด์นด์˜ค์— ํ•จ์œ ๋œ ๊ทธ ์™ธ์˜ ์ƒํ™œ์„ฑ ๋ฌผ์งˆ

๊ทธ ์™ธ์—๋„ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์—๋Š” ์ƒํ™œ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ํ•จ์œ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋Š” ํŽ˜๋‹์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ(Phenylethylamine)๊ณผ ์•„๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฏธ๋“œ(Anandamide)๋ฅผ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํŽ˜๋‹์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ

ํŽ˜๋‹์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ(Dopamine), ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ(Serotonin)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŽ˜๋‹์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ œ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํŽ˜๋‹์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ์ธ์ง€๋ ฅ, ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ, ํŒŒํ‚จ์Šจ๋ณ‘์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜ ๋ฐ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŽ˜๋‹์—ํ‹ธ์•„๋ฏผ์ด ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์˜ ์ตœ์Œ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์•„๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฏธ๋“œ

์•„๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ์ธ์ฒด์—์„œ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ์—”๋„์นด๋‚˜๋น„๋…ธ์ด๋“œ(Endocannabinoid)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ์•„๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋งˆ์ดˆ์˜ ํ…ŒํŠธ๋ผํžˆ๋“œ๋กœ์นธ๋‚˜๋น„๋†€(Tetrahydrocannabinol, THC)์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ž๊ทนํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธ์ฒด์—์„œ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ๊ณผ ์นด์นด์˜ค๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ณ  ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์•„๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์นด๋‚˜๋น„๋…ธ์ด๋“œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์•„๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์˜ ์ค‘๋…์„ฑ์—๋„ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์˜ ์•„๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฏธ๋“œ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋‚ฎ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์นด์นด์˜ค์˜ ํšจ๋Šฅ

์ผ๋ถ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ถฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์นด์นด์˜ค๋Š” ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ Š์€ ์„ฑ์ธ๋“ค์ด 30์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ๋˜๋Š” ํ™”์ดํŠธ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ์ธ์ง€ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ๊ณ  ๋‡Œ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅ์ธ์ž์ธ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ฑ์žฅ์ธ์ž์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ฐœ์„  ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ์„ญ์ทจ๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•œ ํ›„์—๋„ ์ตœ์†Œ 3์ฃผ ์ด์ƒ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 3์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ Š์€ ์„ฑ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ 70% ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ๋˜๋Š” 85% ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 85% ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ 70% ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ƒํƒœ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ผํ—˜์ž์˜ ์žฅ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 85% ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ์žฅ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ตฐ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 85% ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ๊ณผ ํŠน์ • ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ˆ˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ํ‰์˜จ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€์ด ํ•จ์œ ๋œ ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 30์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํ‰์ •์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์ด ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ๋†’์•„์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ฆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ น์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅ˜ ๊ณผ์ผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์ด ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์ž‘์—… ๊ธฐ์–ต, ์ธ์ง€์  ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ, ์ž์ œ๋ ฅ์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งŒ์„ฑํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๋Š” ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ 8์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋†’์€ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ์Œ๋ฃŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์œ„์•ฝ์„ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์งœ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋งŒ์„ฑํ”ผ๋กœ ์ฆ์ƒ์ด ์‚ผ๋ถ„์˜ ์ผ๋งŒํผ ์™„ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ฒ™๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์‚ผ๋ถ„์˜ ์ผ๋งŒํผ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋งค์ผ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ด๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํด๋ฆฌํŽ˜๋†€ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋†’์€ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹  ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋Š” ์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๋ก 

์นด์นด์˜ค๋Š” ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฐ ์ธ์ง€๋ ฅ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ํ•จ์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ๊ณผ ์นด์นด์˜ค๋Š” ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํžˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ™œ์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๋‹คํฌ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ๊ณผ ์นด์นด์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„์‹์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ๊ตฐ๊ฒƒ์งˆ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹ํ’ˆ์„ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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๋ฉด์ฑ…์‚ฌํ•ญ:์›ฐ๋‹ˆ์Šค ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ์˜ ์ทจ์ง€๋Š” ์˜ํ•™์ ์ธ ์ง„๋‹จ์ด๋‚˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ